Diabetes has now become more common, especially in India. As per the records, India is known as the “Diabetic Capital of the World” due to its changing lifestyle and growing population. Diabetes is a long term condition that actually affects millions of people worldwide, and its impact extends beyond blood sugar management. One area of particular concern when it comes to diabetes is the feet and ankles. This blog explores in greater detail how diabetes may impact these essential body parts and equips you with the knowledge you need to reduce risks and maintain the best possible health for your feet.

Nerve Damage and Poor Circulation

Two primary factors contributing to the increased risk of foot problems in diabetics are nerve damage called neuropathy and poor blood circulation (ischemia). High blood sugar levels in the blood  can harm the nerves in the feet, which results in neuropathy. The feet become less sensitive as a result of this damage. Because of this numbness, wounds in the foot and ankle parts, like cuts, blisters, and even ingrown toenails, may go unnoticed and eventually develop an infection.

Furthermore, diabetes can decrease the circulation, limiting the delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients to the feet. This slows down the healing process and it also makes wounds more open to infection which significantly increases the risk of complications like ulcers and swelling.

Taking Proactive Steps for Healthy Feet

The good news is that you can easily minimize these risks by choosing a proactive approach to diabetic foot care.

• Become a detective: Develop the habit of inspecting your feet thoroughly every single day. Examine all the sides of the foot, including the soles, heels, and spaces between the toes. Use a mirror to help you check. Look for any cuts, scratches, redness, swelling, discoloration, or changes in skin texture. It is important to check every minute detail of the change. Early detection is important for preventing minor issues from escalating into serious complications later.
• Invest in supportive footwear: Replace those sneakers or shoes that are not properly fitted! Invest in footwear that is specifically designed for diabetic feet. Look for footwear with a wide toe box to accommodate any swelling, good arch support for stability, and breathable materials to prevent moisture buildup. Regularly check the insides of your shoes for any pebbles or foreign objects that could cause irritation or injury.
• Cleanliness is key: Washing your feet daily should become a non skippable practice. Use lukewarm (normal) water and a gentle soap to clean your feet thoroughly. Paying particular attention to the areas in between the toes is important. Once cleaned, dry them carefully, especially between the toes, to prevent fungal infections.
• Moisturize wisely: While keeping your feet clean is needed, dryness can also be problematic. Apply a moisturizer to maintain healthy skin and prevent cracks. This protects the infection from entering. However, avoid applying lotion between the toes, as this can trap moisture and create a breeding ground for fungus.

Blood Sugar Management

Uncontrolled blood sugar levels contribute to nerve damage and circulation problems, further damaging foot health. Consult your doctor to develop a personalized blood sugar management plan. Include diet modifications, exercise routines, and medication if necessary. Maintaining good glycemic control is the foundation of preventing diabetes-related complications, including foot problems.

Building a Footcare 

The daily practices form a solid foundation for diabetic foot care. However, you can further strengthen your defenses by incorporating these additional steps:

• Schedule regular checkups: Avoid waiting for signs to appear to go for medical assistance. Schedule regular checkups with your diabetes and foot specialty doctor. These experts have the ability to recognize possible issues early on, such as poor circulation or early indications of nerve damage, enabling timely intervention and reducing the possibility of complications.
• Kick the habit: Smoking further decreases circulation by narrowing blood vessels in the feet and other parts of the body. Quitting smoking is one of the most impactful decisions you can make for your overall health, and your feet will reap the benefits as well.
• Find movement that works for you: Exercise is crucial for diabetes management, but with nerve damage, be mindful of choosing activities that are gentle on your feet. Walking, swimming, and yoga are great low-impact exercise choices that will keep you moving without overstressing your feet.
• Stress less, live more: Stress can increase blood sugar levels, further impacting your feet. Techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or relaxation therapy can be helpful tools to manage stress. A healthy mind contributes to a healthy body, including your feet.
• Building a support system: Don’t hesitate to reach out for help! Talk openly to your doctor about any concerns or questions you may have regarding your foot health.

Take Charge of Your Own Health for a Lifetime

By being proactive, taking charge of your foot health, and working collaboratively with your doctor, you can significantly reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes. Remember, early detection and treatment are key. Keep your doctor informed about any changes you notice in your feet, no matter how small they may seem.